Water-the hidden enemy
Keep Dry
Why Dry PLA Filament is Crucial for 3D Printing Success
3D printing has revolutionized the way we create and innovate, allowing us to turn digital designs into physical objects with ease. It’s how I started with the basics, a filament-based printer. Among the various materials used in this exciting technology, PLA (Polylactic Acid) filament stands out for its versatility, biodegradability (with an industrial caveat), and ease of use. However, one crucial aspect often overlooked when just starting out, and even some seasoned makers, is the importance of KEEPING PLA filament DRY.
The Enemy: Moisture aka… Water
PLA is hygroscopic, which means it tries to suck water right out of thin air. This might not seem like a big deal, but when PLA filament gets wet, it can and will cause a myriad of problems during the printing process making you want to pull your hair out. Moisture-laden filament can lead to poor print quality, layer inconsistencies, and even complete print failures.
The Science type Stuff
According to my quick google search-don’t come at me-the optimal humidity level in a home should be between 30-50%. Experts suggest that the most favorable in-home humidity level should be close to 45% for optimal health and safety. With a quick glance over at my room monitor it is showing a whopping 49%.
Well, there is the problem, PLA along with many other basic FFF (fused filament fabrication) or FDM (fused deposition modeling) often have an “open” concept. This leaves the filament exposed to that home humidity, and due to it being “thirsty”-pun completely intended- it takes the water in from the air to equalize the content of water within the filament and air. Put a different way- Water, Water, all around and PLA WILL have a drink. (Don’t mind if I do)
Well, with a well quenched PLA having plenty of water onboard it doesn’t do well when put in the hot end to melt. The water starts to boil at 212°F, and we are taking it from ambient to 428°F a whole lot faster than your stovetop. That water turns to steam which expands in size 1600 times putting a LOT of pressure on your 3D printing system.
The Signs of Moisture Trouble
When PLA filament absorbs moisture, you might notice symptoms such as:
Popping and Hissing Noises: This is moisture boiling off inside the hot end.
Stringing and Oozing: Excess moisture can cause the filament to ooze and string excessively.
Brittle Prints: The moisture content can weaken the bond between layers, leading to fragile prints.
Benefits of Dry PLA Filament
Using dry PLA filament can significantly enhance the quality and reliability of your 3D prints. Here are some benefits:
Improved Print Quality: Dry filament ensures smooth extrusion, resulting in finer details and a cleaner finish.
Stronger Prints: Without the interference of moisture, the layers bond better, creating stronger and more durable prints.
Reduced Failures: By eliminating moisture, you reduce the risk of failed prints, saving time and materials.
Consistency: Dry filament provides a more consistent extrusion flow, which is essential for high-quality prints.
How to Keep Your PLA Filament Dry
To maintain the quality of your PLA filament, store it in an airtight container with desiccant packs. I recommend getting the rechargeable ones, often they start out blue and turn pink when all used up, but that is up to you, just looking out for mother nature here. Additionally, you can use filament dryers designed specifically to keep your filament moisture-free. -Unsponsored plug- I picked up the Sunlu 4 role a year or so ago and it has been amazing, it has a readout screen that lets me see when it is ready to be used and if I am going to be using a lot of filament on a print (I am in the industrial world of printing) I will get the filament loaded into the drier while the other roles are being used. This just helps to ensure success when changing out the roles.
In conclusion, paying attention to the moisture content of your PLA filament may seem silly and unnecessary, however this one small step can make a big difference in the success of your 3D printing projects. Keep it dry, and you'll enjoy smoother, stronger, and more reliable prints. Happy printing!
-Nathaniel Dayton-
Founder
Dayton Additive Manufacturing LLC.
